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The Chief Medical Officer (CMO) is the most senior advisor on health matters in a government. There are four CMOs in the United Kingdom who are appointed to advise their respective governments: Her Majesty's Government, the Northern Ireland Executive, the Scottish Government〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Chief Medical Officer (CMO) )〕 and the Welsh Government. Each CMO is assisted by one or more Deputy Chief Medical Officers. In England, the CMO is a member of the board of the National Health Service (NHS), a civil servant in the Department of Health, and head of the medical civil service. The Republic of Ireland has a similar officer. The Chief Medical Officer is a qualified medical doctor whose speciality is usually in public health, and whose work focuses on the health of communities rather than health of individuals. In the UK, the CMO is one of six chief professional officers who advise the government in their respective health and social care disciplines.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher = Department of Health (UK) )〕 The equivalent US term is Surgeon General. The term Surgeon General is also a used in the British Armed Forces for the head of medical services. In non-government organisations, such as policing, chief medical officer may refer to a senior medical post in the organisation. When appointed outside government the chief medical officer will often decide on physical and mental fitness to serve issues, and the role may not be in public health. == Chief Medical Officers for Her Majesty's Government == The historic post was created in Victorian times to help to prevent cholera epidemics. In 1969 the post of Chief Medical Officer for Wales was created, and prior to this both England and Wales were covered by the post of Chief Medical Officer of England and Wales.〔 * Sir John Simon 1855–1876 * Dr Edward Cator Seaton 1876–1879 * Sir George Buchanan 1879–1892 * Sir Richard Thorne Thorne 1892–1899 * Sir William Henry Power 1900–1908 * Sir Arthur Newsholme 1908–1919 * Sir George Newman 1919–1935 * Sir Arthur MacNalty 1935–1940, also, an acclaimed and still relevant Historian * Sir Wilson Jameson 1940–1950 * Sir John Charles 1950–1960 * Sir George Godber 1960–1973 * Sir Henry Yellowlees 1973–1984 * Sir Donald Acheson 1984–1991 * Sir Kenneth Calman 1991–1998 * Sir Liam Donaldson 1998–31 May 2010〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Senior Team )〕 * Professor Dame Sally Davies from 1 June 2010〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Professor Dame Sally C Davies )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Chief Medical Officer (United Kingdom)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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